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HK National Security Law 第7–19條

HKSAR Duties and Bodies for Safeguarding National Security

This chapter sets out the duties of the HKSAR, the composition and powers of the Committee for Safeguarding National Security, the specialist departments within the Police Force and Department of Justice, and funding arrangements.

1 Duties of the HKSAR

Articles 7–11 set out the HKSAR Government's duties in legislation, law enforcement, education, and reporting on national security.

Legislative and Enforcement Duties

第7–9條
  • The HKSAR shall as early as possible complete legislation for safeguarding national security as stipulated in the Basic Law, and refine relevant laws. Exam
  • Law enforcement and judicial bodies shall fully enforce this Law and existing provisions on preventing, suppressing and imposing punishment for acts endangering national security. Exam
  • The HKSAR shall strengthen its work on safeguarding national security and prevention of terrorist activities.
  • The HKSAR Government shall strengthen publicity, guidance, supervision and management over matters relating to national security in schools, social organisations, media and the internet. Exam

易混淆

Three distinct duties often conflated in MC: completing legislation = legislative duty; fully enforcing = enforcement duty; publicity/guidance over schools/media/internet = prevention and publicity duty.

How it is examined

What must HKSAR law enforcement and judicial bodies do regarding acts endangering national security?

  • Fully enforce this Law and existing laws
  • Covers prevention, suppression and punishment
  • Not limited to enforcement — also includes prevention and punishment

Which sectors must the HKSAR Government strengthen publicity, guidance and supervision over?

  • Schools
  • Social organisations
  • Media
  • The internet
  • All in matters relating to national security

National Security Education and CE Reporting Duty

第10–11條
  • The HKSAR shall conduct national security education through schools, social organisations, media and the internet to raise residents' awareness of national security and law compliance. Exam
  • The Chief Executive shall be accountable to the Central People's Government for national security affairs and shall submit an annual report on the HKSAR's performance of its national security duties. Exam
  • Where the Central People's Government so requests, the Chief Executive shall submit a report on specific matters in a timely manner, in addition to the annual report. Trap

高頻考點

Exam frequently tests: (1) report recipient = Central People's Government (not NPC/NPCSC); (2) annual report covers "performance of national security duties"; (3) a second type of on-demand timely report also exists.

Who Reports / Answers to Whom

第11/12/19條
Who Accountable to Report
Chief ExecutiveCentral People's GovernmentAnnual report on performance of national security duties; also a timely report on specific matters when the CPG so requests
Financial SecretaryLegislative CouncilAnnual report on the control and management of the national security fund
Committee for SNSCentral People's Government (supervision & accountability)

CE and the Committee answer to the Central Government; the Financial Secretary reports to LegCo — the recipient is a classic trap.

How it is examined

The CE shall be accountable to ___ and submit an annual report on ___.

  • Accountable to the Central People's Government
  • Report content: performance of national security duties
  • Recipient: Central People's Government (not NPC or NPCSC)
  • Also submit timely report on specific matters when Central so requests

What type of report must the CE submit on national security duties?

  • Annual report on performance of national security duties
  • Additional timely report on specific matters when the Central People's Government so requests
  • Monthly or quarterly reports are not a statutory requirement

2 Committee for Safeguarding National Security

Articles 12–15 establish the Committee for Safeguarding National Security, its composition, duties, non-justiciability, and the role of the National Security Adviser.

Establishment and Composition of the Committee

第12–13條
  • The HKSAR shall establish a Committee for Safeguarding National Security, responsible for national security affairs, bearing primary responsibility, and subject to supervision and accountability to the Central People's Government. Definition
  • Chairperson of the Committee = Chief Executive. Exam
  • The Committee has 9 members (plus CE as chair, 10 in total): Chief Secretary, Financial Secretary, Secretary for Justice, Secretary for Security, Commissioner of Police, head of the national security department of the Police Force, Director of Immigration, Commissioner of Customs and Excise, and Director of the CE's Office. Numbers
  • The Committee has a Secretariat headed by a Secretary-General; the Secretary-General is nominated by the Chief Executive and appointed by the Central People's Government. Exam

必背數字

Key appointment chain: Secretary-General = CE nominates + Central appoints; Police NS dept head = CE appoints + written consultation with Office; DOJ prosecution dept head = CE appoints + written consultation; National Security Adviser = appointed by Central.

高頻考點

MC often tests "which of the following is NOT a member" — common distractors include Commissioner of Correctional Services, Director of Fire Services. Mnemonic: CS, FS, SJ, SS, CP, NS-head, DI, CC, CEO-Dir (9 members + CE as chair).

Committee Members vs Common Distractors

第13條
Member (Chair + 9) Not a member (distractor)
Chief Executive (Chair)Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal
Chief Secretary for AdministrationCommissioner of Correctional Services
Financial SecretaryDirector of Fire Services
Secretary for JusticeController, Government Flying Service
Secretary for SecurityCommissioner, Civil Aid Service
Commissioner of PoliceSecretary General of the Legislative Council
Head of the NS department of the Police Force
Director of Immigration
Commissioner of Customs and Excise
Director of the Chief Executive's Office

The CE chairs plus 9 members; note the Commissioner of Police and the NS-department head are two separate seats.

How it is examined

Who chairs the Committee for Safeguarding National Security?

  • The Chief Executive chairs the Committee
  • Not the Chief Secretary or Secretary for Security
  • The Committee is subject to supervision and accountability of the Central People's Government

What is the appointment procedure for the Secretary-General of the Committee?

  • Nominated by the Chief Executive
  • Appointed by the Central People's Government
  • Not directly appointed by CE alone
  • No Legislative Council approval required

Which of the following is NOT a member of the Committee for Safeguarding National Security?

  • Members: Chief Secretary, Financial Secretary, Secretary for Justice, Secretary for Security, Commissioner of Police
  • Members: NS dept head, Director of Immigration, Customs Commissioner, CE Office Director
  • CE is chairperson, not a regular member
  • Chief Justice of CFA and Chief Judge of High Court are not members

Duties of the Committee and Non-Justiciability

第14條
  • Duty (i): Analyse and assess the national security situation in the HKSAR, plan work, and formulate national security policies. Exam
  • Duty (ii): Advance the building of the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for safeguarding national security in the HKSAR. Exam
  • Duty (iii): Coordinate the priority work and major operations for safeguarding national security in the HKSAR. Exam
  • The Committee's work shall not be interfered with by any other body, organisation or individual; work information is not to be made public; decisions of the Committee are not subject to judicial review. Exam

高頻考點

Three duties mnemonic: (i) Analyse + formulate policy; (ii) Advance legal system; (iii) Coordinate major work/operations.

高頻考點

Exam directly asks: "Are Committee decisions subject to judicial review?" — Answer: No. Three points to memorise: (i) work not to be interfered with; (ii) work information not to be made public; (iii) decisions not subject to judicial review.

Division of Functions Among the Three Bodies

第14/17/18條
Body Core functions
Committee for Safeguarding National Security (Art. 14)Analyse the situation & formulate policy; advance the legal system; coordinate priority work and major operations
National security department of the Police Force (Art. 17)Collect intelligence; deploy operations; investigate cases; counter-interference investigation and national security review; committee-assigned work
Dedicated prosecution division of the Department of Justice (Art. 18)Prosecution of crimes endangering national security and other related legal matters

Only the DOJ prosecutes; the Committee does not prosecute, and the Police only investigate (they neither prosecute nor legislate).

How it is examined

What are the duties of the Committee for Safeguarding National Security?

  • Analyse situation, plan work and formulate policy
  • Advance legal system and enforcement mechanisms
  • Coordinate priority work and major operations
  • Three duties in total

Are the decisions of the Committee for Safeguarding National Security subject to judicial review?

  • Not subject to judicial review
  • Work information is not to be made public
  • Not to be interfered with by any body, organisation or individual

Which of the following is NOT a duty of the Committee for Safeguarding National Security?

  • Prosecuting national security cases — NOT a Committee duty (prosecution belongs to the DOJ)
  • Committee's three duties: analyse situation, advance legal system, coordinate major work
  • Prosecution is the function of the DOJ dedicated prosecution division, not the Committee

National Security Adviser

第15條
  • The National Security Adviser is appointed by the Central People's Government, provides advice on matters relating to the performance of the Committee's functions, and may attend meetings of the Committee. Exam
  • The National Security Adviser is appointed by the Central Government — not nominated or appointed by the CE, and is not a member of the Committee. Trap

易混淆

Adviser = appointed by Central (not nominated by CE). Attends meetings and advises only — not a formal member, no vote. Distinguish from Secretary-General (CE nominates + Central appoints).

How it is examined

Who appoints the National Security Adviser and what is their role?

  • Appointed by the Central People's Government (not by CE)
  • Provides advice on matters relating to the Committee's functions
  • May attend meetings of the Committee
  • Not a formal member of the Committee

3 Specialist Departments in the Police Force and Department of Justice

Articles 16–18 set out the establishment, appointment procedures and duties of the national security department in the Police Force and the dedicated prosecution unit in the Department of Justice.

National Security Department of the Police Force

第16–17條
  • The Police Force shall establish a national security department, equipped with law enforcement capability. Definition
  • The head of the department is appointed by the Chief Executive; before appointment, written advice must be sought from the Office for Safeguarding National Security of the CPG in the HKSAR. Exam
  • The head and officers must swear an oath upon taking office: uphold the Basic Law, bear allegiance to the HKSAR, abide by the law, and keep matters confidential. Exam
  • The department may recruit qualified specialist and technical personnel from outside the HKSAR to assist in performing duties.
  • Duty (i): Collect and analyse intelligence information relating to national security. Exam
  • Duty (ii): Deploy, coordinate and advance measures and operations for safeguarding national security. Exam
  • Duty (iii): Investigate criminal cases endangering national security. Exam
  • Duty (iv): Conduct counter-interference investigations and carry out national security reviews. Exam
  • Duty (v): Undertake national security work assigned by the Committee for Safeguarding National Security. Exam
  • Duty (vi): Perform any other duties required under this Law.

常見失分位

Police NS dept head: CE appoints, but must seek written advice from the Office BEFORE appointment — "written" is frequently tested.

高頻考點

Six duties: (i) collect intel, (ii) deploy measures, (iii) investigate cases, (iv) counter-interference, (v) committee assignments, (vi) other duties.

How it is examined

What is the appointment procedure for the head of the Police Force national security department?

  • Appointed by the Chief Executive
  • Written advice must be sought from the Office before appointment
  • Not appointed by the Committee or Central People's Government directly
  • "Written" advice is a statutory requirement

What are the duties of the national security department of the Police Force?

  • Collect and analyse intelligence on national security
  • Deploy, coordinate and advance national security measures and operations
  • Investigate cases of crimes endangering national security
  • Conduct counter-interference investigations and security reviews
  • Undertake work assigned by the Committee
  • Perform other duties required under the Law

Which of the following is NOT a duty of the Police Force national security department?

  • Making national security laws — NOT a Police duty (legislation is not Police's role)
  • Prosecuting national security cases — NOT a Police duty (belongs to DOJ)
  • Police duties: collect intel, deploy measures, investigate, counter-interference, committee assignments
  • Prosecution is by DOJ; Police only investigates

Dedicated Prosecution Division in the Department of Justice

第18條
  • The Department of Justice shall establish a dedicated prosecution division for national security criminal cases, responsible for prosecutions and other related legal matters. Definition
  • The head of the prosecution division is appointed by the Chief Executive; written advice must be sought from the Office before appointment (same procedure as the Police NS department). Compare
  • The head and prosecutors must take an oath upon taking office; prosecutors are appointed by the Secretary for Justice with the consent of the Committee for Safeguarding National Security. Exam

高頻考點

DOJ prosecution head: CE appoints + written Office advice (same as Police). But prosecutors are different: appointed by Secretary for Justice WITH consent of the Committee — note consent is from the Committee, not CE.

Appointment Chain of National Security Posts

第13/15/16/18條
Post How appointed
Secretary-General of the CommitteeNominated by the Chief Executive; appointed by the Central People's Government
Head of the Police Force NS departmentAppointed by the Chief Executive; written advice sought from the Office beforehand
Head of the DOJ prosecution divisionAppointed by the Chief Executive; written advice sought from the Office beforehand
Prosecutors of the DOJ divisionAppointed by the Secretary for Justice with the consent of the Committee
National Security AdviserDesignated by the Central People's Government (attends meetings; not a member)

Secretary-General = CE nominates + Central appoints; Adviser = Central designates. Prosecutors' consent comes from the Committee, not the CE.

How it is examined

What is the appointment procedure for the head of the DOJ national security prosecution division?

  • Appointed by the Chief Executive
  • Written advice must be sought from the Office before appointment
  • Same procedure as the Police Force national security department head
  • Must take oath of allegiance upon taking office

Who appoints prosecutors in the DOJ national security prosecution division, and whose consent is required?

  • Appointed by the Secretary for Justice
  • Consent of the Committee for Safeguarding National Security is required
  • Not directly appointed by the Chief Executive
  • Consent is from the Committee, not the CE or NPC

4 Funding for Safeguarding National Security

Article 19 provides that the Financial Secretary shall appropriate a special fund from general revenue for national security expenditure, exempt from existing legal restrictions, with an annual report to the Legislative Council.

Appropriation and Oversight of National Security Funding

第19條
  • The Financial Secretary, upon approval of the Chief Executive, shall appropriate a special fund from general revenue to meet national security expenditure and approve the establishment of relevant posts. Exam
  • Such appropriation and staffing establishment are not subject to restrictions in the relevant provisions of the laws in force in the HKSAR. Exam
  • The Financial Secretary shall submit an annual report on the control and management of the fund to the Legislative Council. Exam

高頻考點

Key distinction: Financial Secretary appropriates and reports to LegCo; Chief Executive approves. Annual report goes to the Legislative Council — not the ExCo or the Committee.

常見失分位

"Not subject to restrictions in the relevant provisions of the laws in force in the HKSAR" — tested as fill-in-the-blank; means security spending bypasses normal financial rules.

How it is examined

The Financial Secretary shall appropriate a special fund, not subject to ___ restrictions.

  • Not subject to restrictions in relevant provisions of the laws in force in the HKSAR
  • Financial Secretary also approves relevant staffing establishment
  • Appropriation requires approval of the Chief Executive

To which body must the Financial Secretary submit an annual report on the national security fund?

  • Annual report submitted to the Legislative Council
  • Report covers control and management of the fund
  • Report goes to LegCo — not the ExCo, Central Government or Committee

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